THE CIVILIZATION OF CENTRAL ASIA: THE CIVILIZATION OF NOMADS AND SETTLED PEASANTS

Abstract

The article considers Central Asia as a unique historical, cultural and civilizational region formed at the intersection of the most important trade, migration and spiritual routes of Eurasia. The article analyzes the evolution of the concept of «civilization» and its application to understanding the Central Asian space, where nomadic and settled civilizations have interacted for thousands of years. Special attention is paid to the role of the Great Silk Road as a key factor in economic, cultural and intercivilizational exchange between East and West. The influence of world religions, ethnocultural diversity and traditions of tolerance on the formation of a sustainable model of regional development is revealed. The article also examines the modern significance of the historical experience of Central Asia in the context of globalization, as well as its role in the dialogue of civilizations and international cooperation. It is concluded that the region's civilizational heritage is an important resource for strengthening security, integration and sustainable development of the Central Asian states.